論分工—協(xié)作模式的困境及其出路

摘要： 工業(yè)社會(huì)的生產(chǎn)關(guān)系是建立在分工—協(xié)作基礎(chǔ)上的,或者說(shuō),主要表現(xiàn)為分工—協(xié)作關(guān)系。這種生產(chǎn)關(guān)系導(dǎo)致了社會(huì)的分裂,也導(dǎo)致了人的自我的分裂。在組織的運(yùn)行中,則導(dǎo)致了縱向的層級(jí)和橫向的崗位邊界明晰化,是把組織成員先隔離開(kāi)來(lái),然后再對(duì)他們的行為加以協(xié)調(diào)。20世紀(jì)后期,特別是在全球化、后工業(yè)化運(yùn)動(dòng)展開(kāi)的過(guò)程中,分工—協(xié)作模式出現(xiàn)了不適應(yīng)人的行動(dòng)要求的狀況。因而,無(wú)論是在宏觀(guān)的社會(huì)研究還是微觀(guān)的管理研究中,都出現(xiàn)了對(duì)分工—協(xié)作模式的懷疑聲音。但是,目前看來(lái),這種懷疑聲音是非常微弱的,更不用說(shuō)提出用新型的行動(dòng)以及社會(huì)關(guān)系模式去取代分工—協(xié)作模式的構(gòu)想了。實(shí)際上,我們正處在人的行動(dòng)以及社會(huì)關(guān)系模式變革的關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻,需要我們通過(guò)創(chuàng)新去承擔(dān)起這樣一項(xiàng)變革的任務(wù)。
The production relationship of industrial society is based on the division of labor-collaboration, or mainly as a relationship of division of labor-collaboration. This kind of production relationship has led to the division of society and the division of human himself. In the operation of the organization, vertical hierarchy and horizontal boundaries are clarified, which is to isolate the members of the organization and then coordinate their behavior. In the late 20 th century, especially in the process of globalization and post-industrialization, the division of labor-collaboration model showed a situation that did not meet the requirements of human actions. Therefore, whether in macroscopic social research or microscopic management research, there is a suspicion of the division of labor-collaboration model. However, it seems that this suspicion is very weak, not to mention the idea of replacing the division of labor-collaboration model with new types of actions and social relation models. In fact, we are at a critical moment in changing the actions of people and the transformation of social relations patterns, and we need to undertake the task of such a change through innovation.