國外托幼機(jī)構(gòu)質(zhì)量評估標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的特點(diǎn)與啟示——以澳、新、英、美四國為例

摘要： 托幼機(jī)構(gòu)質(zhì)量評估標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是衡量和評定托幼機(jī)構(gòu)質(zhì)量的主要依據(jù)。借助Nvivo11.0軟件質(zhì)性分析發(fā)現(xiàn),澳大利亞、新西蘭、英國和美國四個(gè)國家的托幼機(jī)構(gòu)質(zhì)量評估標(biāo)準(zhǔn)主要呈現(xiàn)出五個(gè)特點(diǎn):評估以兒童學(xué)習(xí)與發(fā)展為核心,凸顯課程與教學(xué);弱化以行政管理為重心的結(jié)構(gòu),實(shí)現(xiàn)向領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力的轉(zhuǎn)向;提升合作關(guān)系質(zhì)量,建立共生互惠的合作模式;注重公平和質(zhì)量,追求公平與質(zhì)量并重的教育;"軟化"結(jié)構(gòu)性要素,注重對結(jié)構(gòu)性要素功能的評估。
Quality evaluation standard of early childhood education institutes is the foundation for judging and evaluating the quality of the offered education and care services. Nvivo11.0 is applied in this research to analyze the quality evaluation standards of Australia, New Zealand, UK and US. Following features are identified: regarding young children's learning and development as the core to highlight the value of curriculum and teaching; shifting from administrative management to leadership; promoting the quality of cooperation to establish a mutually benefit model; pursuing education with equity and high quality; and"softening"the structure factors of quality to focuse on the function and process evaluation.