幼兒園教師的師幼觀:新時(shí)代的三個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)向

摘要： 在社會(huì)主義新時(shí)代,我國(guó)學(xué)前教育逐漸從"規(guī)模、數(shù)量式"發(fā)展向"內(nèi)涵、質(zhì)量式"發(fā)展轉(zhuǎn)型。為適應(yīng)學(xué)前教育發(fā)展的新形勢(shì)、新要求,幼兒園教師需要從幼兒觀、教師觀和師幼關(guān)系觀三個(gè)方面明確師幼觀的轉(zhuǎn)變方向,在幼教實(shí)踐中樹(shù)立并踐行符合新時(shí)代的師幼觀。在幼兒觀的轉(zhuǎn)變上,幼兒園教師對(duì)幼兒的認(rèn)識(shí)要從"被塑造的人"轉(zhuǎn)向"自主性的人";從"榮譽(yù)中的人"轉(zhuǎn)向"生活中的人";從"全面化的人"轉(zhuǎn)向"個(gè)性化的人"。在教師觀的轉(zhuǎn)變上,幼兒園教師對(duì)自己的認(rèn)識(shí)要從"圣人"轉(zhuǎn)向"普通人";從"包辦者"轉(zhuǎn)向"伙伴";從"教書(shū)匠"轉(zhuǎn)向"研究者"。在師幼關(guān)系觀的轉(zhuǎn)變上,幼兒園教師對(duì)師幼關(guān)系的認(rèn)識(shí)要從"我—它"關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)向"我—你"關(guān)系;從"師本對(duì)話"轉(zhuǎn)向"幼本對(duì)話";從"師本引導(dǎo)"轉(zhuǎn)向"幼本引導(dǎo)"。
In the new era of socialism,China's preschool education is gradually transforming from"scale and quantity"to"connotation and quality". In order to adapt to the new situation and new requirements of preschool education development,kindergarten teachers need to clarify the changing direction of teacher-child concept from three aspects: children's concept,teacher's concept and teacher-child relationship concept,and establish and practice teacher-child concept in accordance with the new era in preschool education. In the change of children's concept,kindergarten teachers 'understanding of children need to change from "the person be shaped"to"the independent person",from "the person in honor"to "the person in life"and from "the comprehensive person"to"the specific character person". In the change of teacher's concept,kindergarten teachers' understanding of themselves need to change from"the sage"to"the ordinary people",from"the dictator"to"the partner"and from"the pedagogue"to"the researcher". In the change of teacher-child relationship concept,kindergarten teachers' understanding of teacher-child relationship need to change from the relationship of"I-it"to the relationship of"I-you",from"teacher-centered dialogue"to"child-centered dialogue"and from"teachercentered guide"to"child-centered guide".